1.1、简介
Docker Compose 是 Docker 官方编排（Orchestration）项目之一，负责快速的部署分布式应用。轻松高效的管理容器，定义运行多个容器。面向项目进行管理。
1.2、下载
curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.5/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose1.3、授权
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose1.4、创建软连接
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose1.5、是否安装成功
docker-compose --version
[root@VM-0-5-centos ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.25.5, build 8a1c60f61.6、卸载
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose1.2、常用命令
? docker-compose --help
Define and run multi-container applications with Docker.
Usage:
docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [--] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]
docker-compose -h|--help
Options:
-f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file
(default: docker-compose.yml)
-p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name
(default: directory name)
-c, --context NAME Specify a context name
--verbose Show more output
--log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
--no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters
-v, --version Print version and exit
-H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA
--tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file
--tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
--skip-hostname-check Don't check the daemon's hostname against the
name specified in the client certificate
--project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory
(default: the path of the Compose file)
--compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert keys
in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent (DEPRECATED)
--env-file PATH Specify an alternate environment file
Commands:
build Build or rebuild services #构建或重新构建服务
config Validate and view the Compose file
create Create services
down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes #停止服务并且移除容器，网络配置
events Receive real time events from containers # 从容器中接收实时事件
exec Execute a command in a running container
help Get help on a command
images List images
kill Kill containers
logs View output from containers
pause Pause services
port Print the public port for a port binding
ps List containers
pull Pull service images
push Push service images
restart Restart services
rm Remove stopped containers
run Run a one-off command
scale Set number of containers for a service
start Start services
stop Stop services
top Display the running processes
unpause Unpause services
up Create and start containers
version Show version information and quit
~ 已安装nginx为例，下面是测试yml
version: '3'
services:
nginx:
restart: always
privileged: true
image: nginx:1.19.6-alpine
ports:
- 8080:80
- 443:443
volumes:
- /home/blog/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- /home/blog/public:/usr/share/nginx/html
- /home/blog/ssl:/etc/nginx/cert
- /home/blog/logs:/var/log/nginx1.2.1、查看版本
docker-compose version
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose version
docker-compose version 1.25.5, build 8a1c60f6
docker-py version: 4.1.0
CPython version: 3.7.5
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.0l 10 Sep 20191.2.2、创建或重新构建项目中的服务容器
#在yml文件目录下面运行
docker-compose build
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose build
nginx uses an image, skipping1.2.3、校验compose文件格式是否正确，正确显示配置，不正确显示错误原因
# 正确示例，volumes后面的rw表示读写权限
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose config
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:1.19.6-alpine
ports:
- 8080:80/tcp
- 443:443/tcp
privileged: true
restart: always
volumes:
- /home/blog/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:rw
- /home/blog/public:/usr/share/nginx/html:rw
- /home/blog/ssl:/etc/nginx/cert:rw
- /home/blog/logs:/var/log/nginx:rw
version: '3.0'我们将yml故意写错误，改成如下
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# cat docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
nginx:
restart: always
privileged: true
image: nginx:1.19.6-alpine
ports:
8080:79 #这故意错
- 443:443
volumes:
- /home/blog/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- /home/blog/public:/usr/share/nginx/html
- /home/blog/ssl:/etc/nginx/cert
- /home/blog/logs:/var/log/nginx
#校验yml是否正确，发现确实给我们提示了对应的错误，漂亮啊
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose config
ERROR: The Compose file './docker-compose.yml' is invalid because:
services.nginx.ports contains an invalid type, it should be an array1.2.4、基于docker-compose.yml启动管理的容器
# 以后台的方式运行容器。不会在终端上打印运行日志
docker-compose up -d
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose up -d
WARNING: The Docker Engine you're using is running in swarm mode.
Compose does not use swarm mode to deploy services to multiple nodes in a swarm. All containers will be scheduled on the current node.
To deploy your application across the swarm, use `docker stack deploy`.
Creating network "blog-compose_default" with the default driver
Creating blog-compose_nginx_1 ... done1.2.5、将会停止 up 命令所启动的容器，并移除网络。关闭并删除容器
# docker-compose down
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose down
Stopping blog-compose_nginx_1 ... done
Removing blog-compose_nginx_1 ... done
Removing network blog-compose_default1.2.6、开启|关闭|重启已经存在的由docker-compose维护的容器
docker-compose start|stop|restart1.2.7、查看由docker-compose管理的容器
# docker-compose ps 列出项目中目前的所有容器
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose ps
Name Command State Ports
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
blog-compose_nginx_1 /docker-entrypoint.sh ngin ... Up 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp
# 只显示容器的 ID 信息
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose ps -q
112dc10af750ba9d9a24c5a10483f956e198e9b219176d8222960780e29b29471.2.8、查看服务容器日志
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose logs --help
View output from containers.
Usage: logs [options] [SERVICE...]
# 默认会取最新的日志
Options:
--no-color Produce monochrome output. #去除颜色输出，默认是有颜色的，用于区分不同的服务器
-f, --follow Follow log output. #
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps. # 显示日志时间
--tail="all" Number of lines to show from the end of the logs # 指定输入日志行数
for each container.
# 通过--tail控制输出日志的行数
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose logs --tail=2
Attaching to blog-compose_nginx_1
nginx_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
nginx_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
# 会显示日志的时间格式
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose logs -t --tail=2
Attaching to blog-compose_nginx_1
nginx_1 | 2021-01-29T14:15:49.998633632Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
nginx_1 | 2021-01-29T14:15:50.005081422Z /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up1.2.9、docker-compose images列出 Compose 文件中包含的镜像。
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose images
Container Repository Tag Image Id Size
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
blog-compose_nginx_1 nginx 1.19.6-alpine 629df02b47c8 22.34 MB1.2.10、docker-compose scale 设置指定服务运行的容器个数。通过service=num的参数来设置数量
[root@VM-0-5-centos blog-compose]# docker-compose up -d --scale nginx=5
WARNING: The Docker Engine you're using is running in swarm mode.
Compose does not use swarm mode to deploy services to multiple nodes in a swarm. All containers will be scheduled on the current node.
To deploy your application across the swarm, use `docker stack deploy`.
Creating network "blog-compose_default" with the default driver
Creating blog-compose_nginx_1 ... done
Creating blog-compose_nginx_2 ... done
Creating blog-compose_nginx_3 ... done
Creating blog-compose_nginx_4 ... done
Creating blog-compose_nginx_5 ... done
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